Prevalencia de ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina: Una revisión sistemática. Ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina.

Contenido principal del artículo

Francisco Javier Lievanos-Ruiz
Fabiola González Betanzos
Alicia Edith Hermosillo de la Torre
Luis Miguel Sánchez-Loyo

Resumen

Se ha señalado que los estudiantes de medicina son una población vulnerable a comportamientos suicidas; sin embargo, la evidencia sobre la prevalencia de ideación suicida en estos estudiantes es heterogénea. El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue identificar la prevalencia de ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina, así como las formas de medición y su relación con la prevalencia identificada. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en ocho de las principales bases de datos científicas; se consideró un periodo de 10 años de publicaciones; se obtuvieron los intervalos de confianza de las prevalencias de ideación suicida en cada estudio; se agruparon de acuerdo con el periodo de prevalencia y el instrumento utilizado. En cada periodo se calculó la media, la varianza, la desviación estándar y el intervalo de confianza (95%) de la media. Los resultados muestran que la presencia de ideación suicida alguna vez en la vida fue de 15.7 y 35.3%, durante la carrera entre 3.7 y 11.8%, durante el último año entre 7 y 35.6% y en la actualidad entre 1.6 y 43.6%. Conclusión: existe una alta variabilidad en la prevalencia de ideación suicida entre los diferentes estudios revisados, posiblemente asociada a diversos sesgos metodológicos. La presente revisión pone en evidencia la necesidad de seleccionar adecuadamente los instrumentos para determinar la prevalencia de ideación suicida.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Detalles del artículo

Cómo citar
Llievanos-Ruiz, F. J., González Betanzos, F., Hermosillo de la Torre, A. E. ., & Sánchez-Loyo, L. M. (2022). Prevalencia de ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina: Una revisión sistemática.: Ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina. Uaricha, Revista De Psicología, 19, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.35830/urp.v19i.587
Sección
Artículos

Citas

*boalshamat, K., Salman, W., Almehman, R., Maghrabi, A., Alamoudi, K., Najjar, A., & Alshehri, A. (2018). The relationship between loneliness and suicidal ideation in private medical and dental students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Journal International Medicine Dentistry, 5(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.18320/JIMD/201805.0111

*Adhikari, A., Dutta, A., Sapkota, S., Chapagain, A., Aryal, A., & Pradhan, A. (2017). Prevalence of poor mental health among medical students in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMC medical education, 17(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-017-1083-0

*Ahmed, S. A., Omar, Q. H., & Elamaim, A. A. A. (2016). Forensic analysis of suicidal ideation among medical students of Egypt: a crosssectional study. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 44, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2016.08.009

*Alexandrino-Silva, C., Pereira, M. L. G., Bustamante, C., Ferraz, A. C. D. T., Baldassin, S., Andrade, A. G. D., & Alves, T. C. D. T. F. (2009). Suicidal ideation among students enrolled in healthcare training programs: a cross-sectional study. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 31(4), 338-344. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462009005000006

*Amiri, L., Voracek, M., Yousef, S., Galadari, A., Yammahi, S., Sadeghi, M. R., Eskin, M., & Dervic, K. (2013). Suicidal behavior and attitudes among medical students in the United Arab Emirates. Crisis, 34(2), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000170

Blacker, C., Lewis, C., Swintak, C., Bostwick, J., & Rackley S. (2019). Medical Student Suicide Rates: A Systematic Review of the Historical and International Literature. Academic Medicine, 94(2), 274-280. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000002430

Castillejos, M. C., Huertas, P., Martín, P., & Moreno Küstner, B. (2021). Prevalence of Suicidality in the European General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Archives of Suicide Research, 25(4), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2020.1765928

Cao, X.-L., Zhong, B.-L., Xiang, Y.-T., Ungvari, G. S., Lai, K. Y., Chiu, H. F., & Caine, E. D. (2015). Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the general population of China. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 49(4) 296-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091217415589306

*Choi, D., Tolova, V., Socha, E., & Samenow, C. P. (2013). Substance use and attitudes on professional conduct among medical students: a single-institution study. Academic Psychiatry, 37(3), 191-195. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.12060126

*Chow, W. S., Schmidtke, J., Loerbroks, A., Muth, T., & Angerer, P. (2018). The relationship between personality traits with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among medical students: A cross-sectional study at one medical school in Germany. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7), 1462. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071462

*Coentre, R., Faravelli, C., & Figueira, M. L. (2016). Assessment of depression and suicidal behaviour among medical students in Portugal. International Journal of Medical Education, 7, 354-363. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.57f8.c468

Davidson, J. E., Proudfoot, J., Lee, K., & Zisook, S. (2019). Nurse suicide in the United States: Analysis of the Center for Disease Control 2014 National Violent Death Reporting System dataset. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 33(5), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2019.04.006

De Paula, W., Breguez, G. S., Machado, E. L., & Meireles, A. L. (2020). Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation symptoms among university students: a systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 3(4), 8739-8756. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n4-119

Dong, M., Zhou, F. C., Xu, S. W., Zhang, Q., Ng, C. H., Ungvari, G. S., & Xiang, Y. T. (2020). Prevalence of suicide‐related behaviors among physicians: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 50(6), 1264-1275. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12690

*Downs, N., Feng, W., Kirby, B., McGuire, T., Moutier, C., Norcross, W., Norman, M., Young, I., & Zisook, S. (2014). Listening to depression and suicide risk in medical students: the Healer Education Assessment and Referral (HEAR) Program. Academic Psychiatry, 38(5), 547-553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-014-0115-x

*Dutheil F., Aubert C., Pereira B., Dambrun M., Moustafa F., Mermillod M., Baker, J. S., Trousselard, M., Lesage, F. X., & Navel, V. (2019). Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 14(12), e0226361. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226361

*Dyrbye, L. N., Harper, W., Moutier, C., Durning, S. J., Power, D. V., Massie, F. S., Eacker, A., Thomas, M. R., Satele, D., Sloan, J., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2012). A multi-institutional study exploring the impact of positive mental health on medical students’ professionalism in an era of high burnout. Academic Medicine, 87(8), 1024-1031. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31825cfa35

*Dyrbye, L. N., West, C. P., Satele, D., Boone, S., Tan, L., Sloan, J., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2014). Burnout among US medical students, residents, and early career physicians relative to the general US population. Academic medicine, 89(3), 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000134

*Eskin, M., Voracek, M., Stieger, S., & Altinyazar, V. (2011). A cross-cultural investigation of suicidal behavior and attitudes in Austrian and Turkish medical students. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 46(9), 813-823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-010-0254-7

*Fan, A. P., Kosik, R. O., Mandell, G. A., Tran, D. T. P., Cheng, H. M., Chen, C. H., Su, T. P., & Chiu, A. W. (2012). Suicidal ideation in medical students: who is at risk? Annals of the Academy of Medicine-Singapore, 41(9), 377-382

*Gignon, M., Havet, E., Ammirati, C., Traullé, S., Manaouil, C., Balcaen, T., Loas, G., Dubois, G., & Ganry, O. (2015). Alcohol, cigarette, and illegal substance consumption among medical students: a cross-sectional survey. Workplace health & safety, 63(2), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079915570917

Hawton, K., Agerbo, E., Simkin, S., Platt, B., & Mellanby, R. J. (2011) Risk of suicide in medical and related occupational groups: a national study based on Danish case population-based registers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 134(1-3), 320–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.05.044

Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (2019). Estadísticas a propósito del día mundial para la prevención del suicidio (10 de septiembre). Recuperado de: https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/aproposito/2019/suicidios2019_Nal.pdf

*Jeon, H. J., Roh, M. S., Kim, K. H., Lee, J. R., Lee, D., Yoon, S. C., & Hahm, B. J. (2009). Early trauma and lifetime suicidal behavior in a nationwide sample of Korean medical students. Journal of Affective Disorders, 119(1-3), 210-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2009.03.002

Ji, Y. D., Robertson, F. C., Patel, N. A., Peacock, Z. S., & Resnick, C. M. (2020). Assessment of Risk Factors for Suicide Among US Health Care Professionals. JAMA Surgery, 155(8), 713-721. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1338

Mata, D. A., Ramos, M. A., Bansal, N., Khan, R., Guille, C., Di Angelantonio, E., & Sen, S. (2015). Prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 314(22), 2373-2383. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.15845

*Matheson, K. M., Barrett, T., Landine, J., McLuckie, A., Soh, N. L. W., & Walter, G. (2016). Experiences of psychological distress and sources of stress and support during medical training: a survey of medical students. Academic Psychiatry, 40(1), 63-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-015-0395-9

*Menezes, R. G., Subba, S. H., Sathian, B., Kharoshah, M. A., Senthilkumaran, S., Pant, S., Arun, M., Kundapur, R., Jain, A., Lobo, S. W., & Shankar, P. R. (2012). Suicidal ideation among students of a medical college in Western Nepal: a cross-sectional study. Legal Medicine, 14(4), 183-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2012.02.004

*Merlo, L. J., Curran, J. S., & Watson, R. (2017). Gender differences in substance use and psychiatric distress among medical students: A comprehensive statewide evaluation. Substance Abuse, 38(4), 401-406. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2017.1355871

Millner A. J., Lee M. D., & Nock M. K. (2015). Single-Item measurement of suicidal behaviors: validity and consequences of misclassification. PLoS ONE, 10(10), e0141606. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141606

Milner, A. J., Maheen, H., Bismark, M. M., & Spittal, M. J. (2016). Suicide by health professionals: a retrospective mortality study in Australia, 2001–2012. Medical Journal of Australia, 205(6), 260-265. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja15.01044

Mortier, P., Cuijpers, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J., Kessler, R. C., Nock, M. K., & Bruffaerts, R. (2018). The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students: A meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 48(4), 554-565. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002215

Nock, M. K., Borges, G., Bromet, E. J., Cha, C. B., Kessler, R. C., & Lee, S. (2008). Suicide and suicidal behavior. Epidemiologic reviews, 30(1), 133-154. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxn002

Organización Mundial de la Salud (2014). Prevención del suicidio: Un imperativo global. http://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/world_report_2014/es/

*Osama, M., Islam, M. Y., Hussain, S. A., Masroor, S. M. Z., Burney, M. U., Masood, M. A., Menezes, R. G., & Rehman, R. (2014). Suicidal ideation among medical students of Pakistan: a cross-sectional study. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 27, 65-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2014.08.006

*Pinzón-Amado, A., Guerrero, S., Moreno, K., Landínez, C., & Pinzón, J. (2013). Ideación suicida en estudiantes de medicina: prevalencia y factores asociados. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 43 (S1), 47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2013.11.005

Rotenstein, L., Ramos, M., Torre, M., Segal, J., Peluso, M., Guille, C., Sen, S., & Mata D. (2016). Prevalence of Depression, Depressive Symptoms, and Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA, 316(21), 2214-2236. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.17324

*Schwenk, T. L., Davis, L., & Wimsatt, L. A. (2010). Depression, stigma, and suicidal ideation in medical students. JAMA, 304(11), 1181-1190. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1300

Silverman, M. M. (2016). Challenges to Defining and Classifying Suicide and Suicidal Behaviors. En: R. O’Connor y J. Pirkis (eds). The International Handbook of Suicide Prevention (pp.9–35). Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118903223.ch1

Silverman, M. M., & De Leo, D. (2016). Why there is a need for an international nomenclature and classification system for suicide. Crisis, 37(2), 83-87 https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000419

*Sobowale, K., Zhou, A. N., Fan, J., Liu, N., & Sherer, R. (2014). Depression and suicidal ideation in medical students in China: a call for wellness curricula. International Journal of Medical Education, 5, 31-36. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.52e3.a465

*Talih, F., Daher, M., Daou, D., & Ajaltouni, J. (2018). Examining burnout, depression, and attitudes regarding drug use among Lebanese medical students during the 4 years of medical school. Academic Psychiatry, 42(2), 288-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-017-0879-x

*Thompson, D., Goebert, D., & Takeshita, J. (2010). A program for reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in medical students. Academic Medicine, 85(10), 1635-1639. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f0b49c

*Torres, A. R., Campos, L. M., Lima, M. C. P., & Ramos-Cerqueira, A. T. A. (2018). Suicidal ideation among medical students: prevalence and predictors. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 206(3), 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.00000000000007344

Turecki, G., & Brent, D. A. (2016). Suicide and suicidal behaviour. The Lancet, 387(10024), 1227-1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00234-2

Turecki, G., Brent, D. A., Gunnell, D., O’Connor, R. C., Oquendo, M. A., Pirkis, J., & Stanley, B. H. (2019). Suicide and suicide risk. Nature reviews Disease primers, 5(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0121-0

*Van Niekerk, L., Scribante, L., & Raubenheimer, P. J. (2012). Suicidal ideation and attempt among South African medical students. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal, 102(6), 372-373.

Wells, G. A., Shea, B., O'Connell, D., Peterson, J., Welch, V., Losos, M. & Tugwell, P. (2021). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp

*Zisook, S., Young, I., Doran, N., Downs, N., Hadley, A., Kirby, B., McGuire, T., Moutier, C., Norcross, W., & Tiamson-Kassab, M. (2016). Suicidal ideation among students and physicians at a US medical school: a healer education, assessment and referral (HEAR) program report. OMEGA-Journal of death and dying, 74(1), 35-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222815598045